How to Plant a Hydrangea for a Thriving Garden

Hydrangeas are beautiful flowering shrubs that can add a touch of elegance to any garden. If you’re thinking about adding a hydrangea to your landscape, now is the perfect time to plant one. With a little care and attention, your hydrangea will thrive and bloom for years to come.

Before you plant your hydrangea, it’s important to choose the right location. Hydrangeas prefer to grow in partial shade, so select a spot that receives morning sun but is protected from the afternoon sun. The soil should be moist but well-drained, with a pH of 5.5 to 6.5. Once you’ve chosen a location, dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball of the hydrangea and just as deep. Place the hydrangea in the hole and backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the hydrangea thoroughly and mulch around the base of the plant to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Hydrangeas are relatively low-maintenance plants, but they do require some care to keep them healthy and blooming. Water your hydrangea regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Fertilize the hydrangea in the spring and fall with a balanced fertilizer. Prune the hydrangea in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged branches. With proper care, your hydrangea will thrive and bloom for years to come.

Preparing the Soil

Hydrangeas are relatively easy to grow, but they do have some specific soil requirements. The most important thing is that the soil be well-drained. Hydrangeas do not like to sit in wet soil, as this can lead to root rot. The ideal soil for hydrangeas is a loam that is rich in organic matter. If your soil is not well-drained, you can amend it with compost or peat moss to improve drainage.

The pH of the soil is also important for hydrangeas. Hydrangeas prefer slightly acidic soil, with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. If your soil is too alkaline, you can lower the pH by adding sulfur. If your soil is too acidic, you can raise the pH by adding lime.

Once you have prepared the soil, you are ready to plant your hydrangea. Dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball of the plant and just as deep. Place the hydrangea in the hole and backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the plant deeply and mulch around it with compost or bark to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Soil pH and Hydrangea Flower Color

The pH of the soil can have a significant impact on the color of hydrangea flowers. In acidic soil, hydrangeas produce blue flowers. In alkaline soil, hydrangeas produce pink flowers. In soil that is neutral, hydrangeas produce purple flowers.

You can use this information to control the color of your hydrangea flowers. If you want blue flowers, plant your hydrangea in acidic soil. If you want pink flowers, plant your hydrangea in alkaline soil. If you want purple flowers, plant your hydrangea in neutral soil.

Soil pH	Flower Color
Acidic (pH below 5.5)	Blue
Neutral (pH between 5.5 and 6.5)	Purple
Alkaline (pH above 6.5)	Pink

Mulching the Plant

Mulching is an essential step in caring for your hydrangea. It helps to regulate soil temperature, retain moisture, and suppress weeds. The best time to mulch your hydrangea is in the spring or fall, when the soil is cool and moist. Use a thick layer of organic matter, such as compost, shredded bark, or pine needles, and spread it around the base of the plant, keeping it away from the stem. Here are seven benefits of mulching your hydrangea:

1. Regulates Soil Temperature

Mulch helps to insulate the soil, keeping it cool in the summer and warm in the winter. This is important for hydrangeas, which prefer to grow in soil that is between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. Retains Moisture

Mulch helps to retain moisture in the soil, which is important for hydrangeas, which are heavy feeders. Mulch acts as a barrier between the soil and the sun, reducing evaporation. It also helps to absorb and distribute water evenly throughout the soil, so that the roots of the hydrangea can access it.

3. Suppresses Weeds

Mulch helps to suppress weeds by blocking sunlight from reaching the soil. Weeds can compete with hydrangeas for water, nutrients, and sunlight, so it is important to keep them under control. Mulch also creates a physical barrier that makes it difficult for weeds to germinate and grow.

4. Improves Soil Structure

Mulch helps to improve soil structure by adding organic matter to the soil. Organic matter helps to aerate the soil, improve drainage, and increase water retention. It also provides nutrients for the hydrangea as it decomposes.

5. Protects Roots from Extreme Temperatures

Mulch helps to protect the roots of the hydrangea from extreme temperatures. In the summer, mulch helps to keep the roots cool and moist. In the winter, mulch helps to insulate the roots and protect them from frost damage.

6. Reduces Erosion

Mulch helps to reduce erosion by protecting the soil from wind and rain. It also helps to slow down the flow of water, which can help to prevent flooding.

7. Encourages Beneficial Organisms

Mulch provides a habitat for beneficial organisms, such as earthworms and microorganisms. These organisms help to aerate the soil, improve drainage, and decompose organic matter. They also help to control pests and diseases.

Table of Benefits of Mulching Hydrangeas:

Benefit	How it Helps Hydrangeas
Regulates soil temperature	Keeps soil cool in summer and warm in winter
Retains moisture	Prevents evaporation and helps roots absorb water
Suppresses weeds	Blocks sunlight and creates physical barrier
Improves soil structure	Adds organic matter, aerates soil, and improves drainage
Protects roots from extreme temperatures	Insulates roots from heat and cold
Reduces erosion	Protects soil from wind and rain
Encourages beneficial organisms	Provides habitat for earthworms and microorganisms

Fertilizing Your Hydrangeas

Hydrangeas are heavy feeders and require regular fertilization to produce abundant blooms. The ideal time to fertilize your hydrangeas is in the spring, before new growth begins. You can also fertilize them again in the summer, after they have finished blooming.

When choosing a fertilizer for your hydrangeas, look for one that is specifically designed for acid-loving plants. These fertilizers will typically contain a high amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential for hydrangea growth and flowering.

How to Fertilize Your Hydrangeas

To fertilize your hydrangeas, simply sprinkle the fertilizer around the base of the plant, taking care not to get any on the leaves. Water the fertilizer in well.

How Often to Fertilize Your Hydrangeas

Fertilize your hydrangeas every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. If you are using a slow-release fertilizer, you can fertilize less frequently, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

What Type of Fertilizer to Use

The best type of fertilizer to use for hydrangeas is a balanced fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. You can also use a fertilizer that is specifically designed for acid-loving plants.

Recommended Fertilizer Types

* 10-10-10 balanced fertilizer
* 12-6-6 fertilizer specifically designed for acid-loving plants
* 15-30-15 fertilizer specifically designed for hydrangeas

Fertilizer Application Rates

The amount of fertilizer you need to use will depend on the size of your hydrangea plant and the type of fertilizer you are using. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the specific fertilizer you are using.

Fertilizer Application Frequency

Fertilize your hydrangeas every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. If you are using a slow-release fertilizer, you can fertilize less frequently, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Fertilizer Type	Application Rate	Application Frequency
10-10-10 balanced fertilizer	1/4 cup per plant	Every 4-6 weeks
12-6-6 fertilizer for acid-loving plants	1/2 cup per plant	Every 4-6 weeks
15-30-15 fertilizer for hydrangeas	1/3 cup per plant	Every 4-6 weeks

Controlling Pests and Diseases

Pests

Hydrangeas are susceptible to a few pests, including:

Aphids: These tiny, sap-sucking insects can cause leaves to turn yellow and curl up.
Japanese beetles: These metallic-green beetles feed on leaves, causing them to become skeletonized.
Lace bugs: These lacey-winged insects cause leaves to develop yellow or brown spots.
Mealybugs: These small, white insects feed on stems and leaves, causing them to become sticky and stunted.
Scale: These small, brown or white insects attach themselves to stems and leaves, causing them to become yellowed and stunted.
Spider mites: These tiny, spider-like pests feed on leaves, causing them to develop a dusty appearance.

Thrips: These tiny, slender insects feed on leaves, causing them to develop silvery or bronze stripes.

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Treatment

Control pests on hydrangeas by using insecticidal soap, neem oil, or horticultural oil. Follow the instructions on the product label carefully. Repeat applications as needed to control the pests.

Diseases

Hydrangeas are susceptible to a few diseases, including:

Botrytis blight: This fungal disease causes flowers and buds to turn brown and rot.
Cercospora leaf spot: This fungal disease causes spots to develop on leaves, which can eventually turn brown and drop off.
Downy mildew: This fungal disease causes leaves to develop yellow or brown spots on the underside.
Powdery mildew: This fungal disease causes a white powdery substance to develop on leaves.

Rust: This fungal disease causes orange or brown spots to develop on leaves.

Treatment

Control diseases on hydrangeas by using fungicides. Follow the instructions on the product label carefully. Repeat applications as needed to control the disease.

Additional Tips for Preventing Pests and Diseases

Plant hydrangeas in well-drained soil.
Water hydrangeas deeply and regularly.
Fertilize hydrangeas regularly.
Mulch around hydrangeas to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Inspect hydrangeas regularly for pests and diseases.
Remove any infected leaves or flowers.

Keep the area around hydrangeas clean of debris.

Pruning Hydrangeas

Pruning hydrangeas is essential for maintaining their health, vigor, and beauty. The timing and method of pruning will vary depending on the type of hydrangea you have. Here are some general guidelines for pruning hydrangeas:

When to Prune Hydrangeas

The best time to prune hydrangeas is in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. This allows the plant to heal from any pruning wounds before the growing season starts. However, some types of hydrangeas, such as panicle hydrangeas, can also be pruned in the summer after they have finished blooming.

How to Prune Hydrangeas

The method of pruning hydrangeas will vary depending on the type of hydrangea you have. Here are some general guidelines:

Bigleaf Hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla)

Bigleaf hydrangeas produce their flowers on old wood. This means that they should be pruned in the late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. To prune a bigleaf hydrangea, follow these steps:

Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged stems.
Cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length.
Leave 2 to 4 pairs of healthy buds on each stem.

Smooth Hydrangeas (Hydrangea arborescens)

Smooth hydrangeas produce their flowers on new wood. This means that they can be pruned in the late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming. To prune a smooth hydrangea, follow these steps:

Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged stems.
Cut back old stems to the ground.
Leave new growth in place.

Panicle Hydrangeas (Hydrangea paniculata)

Panicle hydrangeas produce their flowers on new wood. This means that they can be pruned in the late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming. To prune a panicle hydrangea, follow these steps:

Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged stems.
Cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length.
Leave 4 to 6 pairs of healthy buds on each stem.

Reblooming Hydrangeas (Hydrangea serrata, Hydrangea involucrata)

Reblooming hydrangeas produce flowers on both old and new wood. This means that they can be pruned in the late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming. However, to encourage reblooming, it is best to prune reblooming hydrangeas in the late winter or early spring. To prune a reblooming hydrangea, follow these steps:

Remove any dead, diseased, or damaged stems.
Cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length.
Leave 2 to 4 pairs of healthy buds on each stem.
Remove any new growth that is below the point where you want the plant to rebloom.

Here is a table summarizing the pruning requirements for different types of hydrangeas:

Type of Hydrangea	Pruning Time	Pruning Method
Bigleaf Hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla)	Late winter or early spring	Remove dead, diseased, or damaged stems; cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length; leave 2 to 4 pairs of healthy buds on each stem.
Smooth Hydrangeas (Hydrangea arborescens)	Late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming	Remove dead, diseased, or damaged stems; cut back old stems to the ground; leave new growth in place.
Panicle Hydrangeas (Hydrangea paniculata)	Late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming	Remove dead, diseased, or damaged stems; cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length; leave 4 to 6 pairs of healthy buds on each stem.
Reblooming Hydrangeas (Hydrangea serrata, Hydrangea involucrata)	Late winter or early spring, or in the summer after they have finished blooming	Remove dead, diseased, or damaged stems; cut back old stems by about one-third to one-half their length; leave 2 to 4 pairs of healthy buds on each stem; remove any new growth that is below the point where you want the plant to rebloom.

Once you have pruned your hydrangeas, be sure to clean up any debris and dispose of it properly. This will help to prevent the spread of disease.

Overwintering Hydrangeas

Hydrangeas are beautiful flowering shrubs that can add a splash of color to your garden. However, they are not the most cold-hardy plants, so it is important to take steps to protect them from the winter weather. Here are some tips on how to overwinter hydrangeas:

1. Choose the right variety

Not all hydrangeas are created equal when it comes to cold hardiness. Some varieties, such as the bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), are only hardy to USDA zone 6. Others, such as the panicle hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata), are hardy to zone 3.

2. Plant in a protected location

Choose a planting site that is sheltered from the wind and gets plenty of sun. Avoid planting in low-lying areas where cold air can settle.

3. Mulch heavily

A thick layer of mulch will help to insulate the roots of your hydrangeas and protect them from the cold. Use a mulch that is organic, such as shredded leaves or bark.

4. Water deeply before the first freeze

Water your hydrangeas deeply before the first hard freeze. This will help to hydrate the roots and make them more resistant to cold damage.

5. Prune after the first freeze

Once the first hard freeze has passed, you can prune your hydrangeas back to the ground. This will help to remove any dead or damaged branches and encourage new growth in the spring.

6. Cover with burlap or evergreen boughs

If you live in a cold climate, you may want to cover your hydrangeas with burlap or evergreen boughs. This will provide an extra layer of protection from the cold.

7. Uncover in the spring

Once the danger of frost has passed in the spring, you can uncover your hydrangeas. Be sure to do this gradually, to avoid shocking the plants.

8. Fertilize in the spring

Fertilize your hydrangeas in the spring to help them get off to a good start. Use a fertilizer that is specifically designed for acid-loving plants.

9. Water regularly

Water your hydrangeas regularly during the growing season. They prefer moist, well-drained soil.

10. Deadhead spent blooms

Deadhead spent blooms to encourage new growth and flowering. Cut the blooms back to the first set of leaves.

11. Winter protection for different hydrangea species

The specific winter protection measures you need to take will vary depending on the type of hydrangea you have. Here is a general guide:

Hydrangea species	Winter hardiness zone	Winter protection
Bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla)	Zones 6-9	Mulch heavily, cover with burlap or evergreen boughs
Panicle hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata)	Zones 3-8	Mulch heavily, prune after the first freeze
Smooth hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens)	Zones 3-9	Prune after the first freeze, mulch heavily
Oakleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia)	Zones 5-9	Mulch heavily, prune after the first freeze

12. Monitor your hydrangeas throughout the winter

It is important to monitor your hydrangeas throughout the winter, especially if you live in a cold climate. Look for signs of damage, such as wilting leaves or brown stems. If you see any damage, take steps to protect your plants, such as adding more mulch or covering them with burlap.

13. Tips for overwintering hydrangeas in pots

If you are growing hydrangeas in pots, you will need to take extra steps to protect them from the cold. Here are some tips:

Move the pots to a protected location, such as a garage or shed.
Insulate the pots with bubble wrap or burlap.
Water the hydrangeas deeply before the first freeze.
Check the hydrangeas regularly for signs of damage.
Bring the pots indoors if the temperature drops below freezing.

Troubleshooting Hydrangea Problems

1. Why are my hydrangea leaves turning yellow and dropping off?

Possible causes:

Overwatering or underwatering
Nutrient deficiency (especially nitrogen)
Root rot
Pests or diseases

Solutions:

Check the soil moisture level and adjust watering accordingly.
Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer.
Inspect for signs of root rot and treat accordingly.
Check for pests or diseases and apply appropriate controls.

2. Why are my hydrangea leaves turning brown and crispy?

Possible causes:

Sunburn
Overwatering or underwatering
Salt buildup in the soil
Leaf scorch

Solutions:

Plant in a location that receives morning sun and afternoon shade.
Water deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
Flush the soil with water to remove excess salt.
Avoid using fertilizers containing salt.

3. Why are my hydrangea flowers wilting?

Possible causes:

Dehydration
Nutrient deficiency (especially potassium)
Pests or diseases
Extreme temperatures

Solutions:

Water the plant deeply and regularly.
Fertilize with a potassium-rich fertilizer.
Check for pests or diseases and apply appropriate controls.
Protect from extreme heat or cold.

4. Why are my hydrangea flowers turning green?

Possible causes:

Too much nitrogen
Low light
Aluminum toxicity

Solutions:

Reduce nitrogen fertilization.
Plant in a location with more sunlight.
Amend the soil with sulfur or aluminum sulfate to reduce aluminum toxicity.

5. Why are my hydrangea flowers not blooming?

Possible causes:

Improper pruning
Lack of sunlight
Nutrient deficiency (especially phosphorus)
Frost damage

Solutions:

Prune at the correct time of year and remove old, dead, or diseased stems.
Plant in a location that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Fertilize with a phosphorus-rich fertilizer.
Protect from frost damage with mulch or row covers.

6. Why are my hydrangeas not producing new growth?

Possible causes:

Overwatering or underwatering
Nutrient deficiency
Root rot
Pests or diseases

Solutions:

Check the soil moisture level and adjust watering accordingly.
Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer.
Inspect for signs of root rot and treat accordingly.
Check for pests or diseases and apply appropriate controls.

7. Why are my hydrangeas turning purple?

Possible causes:

Acidic soil
Aluminum uptake

Solutions:

Amend the soil with lime to increase the pH.
Avoid planting in areas with high aluminum content in the soil.

8. Why are my hydrangeas turning pink?

Possible causes:

Neutral or alkaline soil
Low aluminum uptake

Solutions:

Amend the soil with sulfur or aluminum sulfate to lower the pH.
Plant in areas with low aluminum content in the soil.

9. Why are my hydrangeas not changing color?

Possible causes:

Lack of sunlight
Insufficient aluminum uptake
Variety does not change color

Solutions:

Plant in a location that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Amend the soil with aluminum sulfate to increase aluminum availability.
Choose a variety that is known to change color.

10. Why are my hydrangeas not reblooming?

Possible causes:

Improper pruning
Nutrient deficiency
Lack of sunlight
Frost damage

Solutions:

Prune in late winter or early spring, after the danger of frost has passed.
Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer.
Plant in a location that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Protect from frost damage with mulch or row covers.

11. Why are my hydrangeas getting powdery mildew?

Possible causes:

Overcrowding
Poor air circulation
High humidity

Solutions:

Thin out the plants to improve air circulation.
Prune away any diseased leaves or stems.
Use a fungicide to control the mildew.

12. Why are my hydrangeas getting aphids?

Possible causes:

Overcrowding
Lack of natural predators

Solutions:

Remove any aphids by hand or with a strong spray of water.
Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the aphids.
Attract natural predators, such as ladybugs.

13. Why are my hydrangeas getting Japanese beetles?

Possible causes:

Japanese beetles present in the area
Plants are attractive to Japanese beetles

Solutions:

Handpick Japanese beetles and drop them in a bucket of soapy water.
Use traps to attract and catch Japanese beetles.
Apply insecticides specifically labeled for Japanese beetle control.

14. Why are my hydrangeas getting scale insects?

Possible causes:

Overcrowding
Lack of natural predators
Plants are weak or stressed

Solutions:

Prune away any infested branches.
Use horticultural oil to suffocate the scale insects.
Encourage natural predators, such as ladybugs.

15. Why are my hydrangeas getting root rot?

Possible causes:

Overwatering
Poor drainage
Compacted soil
Root injury

Brown Leaves on Hydrangeas

There are several reasons why hydrangea leaves may turn brown. Some of the most common causes include:

Overwatering: Hydrangeas prefer well-drained soil and do not tolerate soggy conditions. Overwatering can lead to root rot, which can cause the leaves to turn brown and wilt.
Underwatering: Hydrangeas also do not tolerate drought conditions. When they are underwatered, the leaves will wilt and turn brown.
Nutrient deficiency: Hydrangeas need a balanced diet of nutrients to thrive. A deficiency in any of the essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium, can cause the leaves to turn brown.
Sunlight exposure: Hydrangeas prefer partial shade to full sun. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to scorch and turn brown.
Temperature extremes: Hydrangeas are not tolerant of extreme temperatures. Cold temperatures can cause the leaves to turn brown and wilt, while hot temperatures can cause the leaves to scorch.
Pests or diseases: Several pests and diseases can cause hydrangea leaves to turn brown. Some of the most common include aphids, spider mites, powdery mildew, and leaf spot.

If you are not sure what is causing the brown leaves on your hydrangeas, it is best to consult with a gardening expert. They can help you determine the cause of the problem and recommend the best course of treatment.

Here are some additional tips to help prevent brown leaves on hydrangeas:

Plant hydrangeas in well-drained soil.
Water hydrangeas regularly, but do not overwater.
Fertilize hydrangeas according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Protect hydrangeas from direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day.
Mulch around hydrangeas to help retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
Inspect hydrangeas regularly for pests or diseases. If you find any, treat them promptly.

By following these tips, you can help keep your hydrangeas healthy and looking their best.

Hydrangeas That Are Not Blooming

If your hydrangeas aren’t blooming, don’t despair. There are a few things you can do to troubleshoot the problem and get them back on track.

1. Check the light conditions

Hydrangeas need at least six hours of sunlight per day to bloom properly. If they’re not getting enough light, they may not produce any flowers.

2. Make sure the soil is well-drained

Hydrangeas don’t like to sit in wet soil. If the soil is too soggy, the roots can rot and the plant will eventually die.

3. Fertilize regularly

Hydrangeas need to be fertilized regularly to produce healthy flowers. Use a fertilizer that is specifically designed for hydrangeas.

4. Water deeply and regularly

Hydrangeas need to be watered deeply and regularly, especially during the hot summer months. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between watering.

5. Prune at the right time

Hydrangeas should be pruned in late winter or early spring. Pruning at the wrong time can remove the flower buds for the next season.

6. Protect from frost

Hydrangeas are not cold-hardy plants. If you live in a cold climate, you will need to protect your hydrangeas from frost by covering them with a thick layer of mulch.

7. Check for pests and diseases

Hydrangeas can be susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases. If you notice any signs of pests or diseases, treat the plant with an appropriate pesticide or fungicide.

8. Repot if necessary

If your hydrangea is rootbound, it may not be able to produce flowers. Repot the plant into a larger pot with fresh potting mix.

9. Be patient

It can take several years for a hydrangea to reach maturity and begin blooming. Be patient and don’t give up on your plant.

10. Additional tips

Here are a few additional tips for getting your hydrangeas to bloom:

Use a soil test kit to determine the pH of your soil. Hydrangeas prefer soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.
Add aluminum sulfate to the soil to lower the pH and make it more acidic.
Avoid using bone meal or manure around hydrangeas, as these can raise the pH of the soil.
Water your hydrangeas with rainwater or distilled water, as tap water can contain chemicals that can harm the plant.
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage new growth and flowering.

Possible Problem	Cause	Solution
No flowers	Not enough sunlight	Move the plant to a sunnier location.
No flowers	Soil is too wet	Improve drainage by adding compost or sand to the soil.
No flowers	Lack of fertilizer	Fertilize the plant regularly with a balanced fertilizer.
No flowers	Pruned at the wrong time	Prune the plant in late winter or early spring.
No flowers	Frost damage	Protect the plant from frost by covering it with a thick layer of mulch.
No flowers	Pests or diseases	Treat the plant with an appropriate pesticide or fungicide.
No flowers	Rootbound	Repot the plant into a larger pot with fresh potting mix.
No flowers	Too young	Be patient and wait for the plant to mature.

Pruning Hydrangeas to Control Size

Hydrangeas are a beautiful addition to any garden, but they can quickly become overgrown and unmanageable if not properly pruned. Pruning is essential for controlling the size of your hydrangeas and keeping them blooming year after year. Follow these tips to prune your hydrangeas like a pro:

1. Prune in late winter or early spring

The best time to prune hydrangeas is in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. This will give the plant time to heal and recover before the growing season starts. To maximize the chances of your hydrangea blooming well in the summer, ensure you prune at the correct time.

2. Remove old, weak, or diseased stems

First, remove any old, weak, or diseased stems. These stems will not produce flowers and can take away from the plant’s overall health. Pruning these stems will allow the plant to focus its energy on producing new, healthy growth.

3. Cut back overgrown stems

Next, cut back any overgrown stems. Overgrown stems can make the plant look untidy and can also block sunlight from reaching the lower parts of the plant. Pruning back these stems will help to improve the plant’s overall shape and allow for better air circulation.

4. Remove suckers

Suckers are shoots that grow from the base of the plant. They can take away from the plant’s overall vigor and can also produce inferior flowers. Pruning suckers will help to maintain the plant’s size and encourage it to produce more blooms.

5. Prune to a desired size or shape

Finally, you can prune your hydrangeas to a desired size or shape. This is a matter of personal preference, but it is important to remember that pruning too much can reduce the number of flowers the plant produces.

Pruning Guidelines
Bloom Time	Pruning Time
Summer Blooms	Late Winter or Early Spring
Fall Blooms	Immediately After Flowering

With a little care and attention, you can easily keep your hydrangeas under control and blooming beautifully year after year.

Pruning Hydrangeas to Encourage Blooms

Pruning hydrangeas is essential for maintaining their health and encouraging abundant blooms. By following the correct pruning techniques, you can promote vigorous growth, shape the plant’s form, and maximize flower production.

1. Timing of Pruning

The timing of pruning depends on the type of hydrangea you have:

Type of Hydrangea	Pruning Time
Bigleaf (Hydrangea macrophylla)	Late winter or early spring (March-April)
Panicle (Hydrangea paniculata)	Late winter or early spring (March-April)
Smooth (Hydrangea arborescens)	Late winter or early spring (March-April)
Oakleaf (Hydrangea quercifolia)	Late summer or early fall (August-September)

2. Types of Pruning

There are three main types of pruning for hydrangeas:

Deadheading: Removing spent flower heads to encourage new growth and prevent seed formation.
Renewal Pruning: Removing old or weak stems to promote new, vigorous growth and improve air circulation.
Rejuvenation Pruning: Cutting the plant back drastically to stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant.

3. Pruning Techniques

The specific pruning techniques vary depending on the type of hydrangea. However, here are some general guidelines:

Bigleaf Hydrangeas: Cut back stems to two or three pairs of strong buds above the ground. Remove dead or weak stems.
Panicle Hydrangeas: Cut back stems to eight to ten inches above the ground. Remove dead or weak stems.
Smooth Hydrangeas: Cut back stems to six to eight inches above the ground. Remove dead or weak stems.
Oakleaf Hydrangeas: Prune after the leaves have fallen. Remove dead or weak stems and cut back branches by one-third to one-half of their length.

4. Special Considerations for Reblooming Hydrangeas

Some hydrangeas, such as the Endless Summer series, bloom on both old and new wood. To maximize blooms on these varieties:

Remove spent flower heads to encourage new blooms on new wood.
Avoid heavy pruning in the spring, as it can remove flower buds.
If necessary, lightly prune after the first flush of blooms to promote additional flowering.

5. Tips for Optimal Pruning

Follow these tips for effective pruning:

Use sharp, clean pruning shears.
Make clean, angled cuts just above a healthy bud.
Remove all pruned stems from the base of the plant.
Water the plant thoroughly after pruning.
Fertilize the plant according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

By following these pruning techniques, you can encourage healthy growth, abundant blooms, and a beautiful hydrangea display in your garden.

Pruning Hydrangeas in the Spring

Pruning hydrangeas in the spring is an important task to ensure that they bloom profusely and maintain a healthy appearance. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you prune your hydrangeas in the spring:

1. Timing

The best time to prune hydrangeas is in the spring, after the last frost. Wait until new growth appears on the stems to ensure that you don’t remove any potential blooms.

2. Gather Your Tools

You will need a pair of sharp pruning shears, gloves, and a trash bag to collect cuttings.

3. Inspect the Plant

Before pruning, inspect the plant for any dead, diseased, or damaged branches. These branches should be removed first.

4. Remove Old Flowers

Cut back any spent flower heads from the previous season. This will encourage new growth and flowering.

5. Thin Out Branches

Remove any excess branches that are crossing, rubbing, or growing inward. This will improve air circulation and reduce the risk of disease.

6. Prune to Shape

If desired, you can shape your hydrangea by pruning back branches to desired lengths. This is best done with a light touch to avoid over-pruning.

7. Cut Back Hard-Growing Stems

For hydrangeas that are growing too tall or unwieldy, you can cut back hard-growing stems to a height of 6-12 inches above the ground.

8. Remove Suckers

Suckers are new shoots that grow from the base of the plant. These should be removed to prevent them from draining energy from the main plant.

9. Clean Up Cuttings

Dispose of all cuttings in a trash bag or compost pile.

10. Fertilize

After pruning, fertilize your hydrangea with a balanced fertilizer to promote new growth and flowering.

Additional Tips for Specific Hydrangea Types

Hydrangea Type	Pruning Tips
Bigleaf Hydrangeas (Hydrangea macrophylla)	Prune in late spring after the flower buds have formed.
Panicle Hydrangeas (Hydrangea paniculata)	Prune lightly in spring or summer, removing only dead or damaged branches.
Smooth Hydrangeas (Hydrangea arborescens)	Prune hard in late winter or early spring, cutting back stems to within 3-4 inches of the ground.
Oakleaf Hydrangeas (Hydrangea quercifolia)	Prune lightly in spring, removing only dead or damaged branches.

Pruning Hydrangeas in Pots

When to Prune

The optimal time to prune hydrangeas in pots is during late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. This allows time for any pruned wounds to heal before the plant’s active growing season commences.

Selecting the Right Stems

When pruning hydrangeas in pots, focus on removing older stems that are weak, diseased, or crossing over. These stems will not produce flowers and can hinder the plant’s overall health. Choose to prune stems that are spindly, thin, or show signs of damage.

Pruning Techniques

There are two main pruning techniques for hydrangeas in pots: heading back and thinning out. Heading back involves cutting stems back to a desired length, while thinning out involves removing entire stems from the base of the plant.

Heading Back

To head back hydrangeas, use clean, sharp pruning shears to cut stems back by approximately one-third to one-half their original length. Make sure to cut above a healthy pair of buds, facing outward from the center of the plant.

Thinning Out

For thinning out hydrangeas, select and remove entire stems from the base of the plant using pruning shears or a sharp knife. Remove any stems that are dead, weak, diseased, crossing over, or rubbing against others.

Cleaning Up

Once you have finished pruning your hydrangeas in pots, clean up any debris or pruned stems from around the base of the plant. This helps prevent the spread of disease and improves the plant’s overall appearance.

Additional Pruning Tips

Here are some additional tips to keep in mind when pruning hydrangeas in pots:

Always use clean, sharp tools to avoid spreading disease.
Make angled cuts to encourage water runoff and prevent moisture buildup.
Prune for shape and balance, removing any stems that grow too tall or wide.
Rejuvenate older plants by cutting them back hard, leaving only a few strong canes.
Deadhead spent blooms to promote new growth and improve flowering.

Pruning Schedule for Potted Hydrangeas

The following table provides a suggested pruning schedule for potted hydrangeas:

By following these pruning guidelines, you can help your potted hydrangeas thrive and produce an abundance of beautiful blooms for years to come.

Hydrangeas for Every Season

Whether you’re looking for a burst of color in spring, a touch of elegance in summer, or a vibrant display in fall, there’s a hydrangea variety that’s perfect for you. Here’s a guide to the different types of hydrangeas and when they bloom:

Spring-Blooming Hydrangeas

Spring-blooming hydrangeas are a welcome sight after a long winter. These varieties typically bloom in April or May, and their flowers can last for several weeks. Some popular spring-blooming hydrangeas include:

Bigleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla): This is the most common type of hydrangea, and it’s known for its large, showy flowers. Bigleaf hydrangeas come in a wide range of colors, including pink, blue, purple, and white.
Mountain Hydrangea (Hydrangea serrata): This type of hydrangea has smaller flowers than the bigleaf hydrangea, but they’re just as beautiful. Mountain hydrangeas bloom in white or pink, and they’re a good choice for smaller gardens.

Summer-Blooming Hydrangeas

Summer-blooming hydrangeas start to bloom in June or July, and their flowers can last until September. These varieties are a great choice for adding color to your garden during the hottest months of the year. Some popular summer-blooming hydrangeas include:

Panicle Hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata): This type of hydrangea has large, cone-shaped flowers that come in white or pink. Panicle hydrangeas are a good choice for large gardens, and they’re also deer-resistant.
Smooth Hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens): This type of hydrangea has round, white flowers that bloom in large clusters. Smooth hydrangeas are a good choice for smaller gardens, and they’re also heat-tolerant.

Fall-Blooming Hydrangeas

Fall-blooming hydrangeas are a beautiful way to add color to your garden in the fall. These varieties typically bloom in September or October, and their flowers can last until the first frost. Some popular fall-blooming hydrangeas include:

Oakleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia): This type of hydrangea has large, oak-shaped leaves that turn a beautiful burgundy color in the fall. Oakleaf hydrangeas also produce panicles of white flowers in the fall.
Peegee Hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata ‘Grandiflora’): This type of panicle hydrangea has large, white flowers that bloom in late summer and early fall. Peegee hydrangeas are a good choice for large gardens, and they’re also deer-resistant.

43. Troubleshooting Hydrangea Problems

If you’re having trouble growing hydrangeas, there are a few things you can check:

Not enough sunlight: Hydrangeas need at least six hours of sunlight per day to bloom properly. If your hydrangeas are not getting enough sunlight, they may not produce flowers or the flowers may be small and weak.
Too much water: Hydrangeas like to be watered regularly, but they don’t like to sit in soggy soil. If your hydrangeas are getting too much water, the roots may rot and the plant may die.
Too little fertilizer: Hydrangeas need to be fertilized regularly to produce healthy flowers. If your hydrangeas are not getting enough fertilizer, the flowers may be small and weak.
Wrong pH level: Hydrangeas prefer soil with a pH level between 5.5 and 6.5. If the soil pH is too high or too low, the hydrangeas may not be able to absorb nutrients properly and they may not produce flowers.

If you’re still having trouble growing hydrangeas, you can contact your local nursery or extension office for help.

Season	Pruning Type
Late Winter/Early Spring	Heading Back, Thinning Out
Summer	Deadheading
Fall	Light Trim

Hydrangea Type	Bloom Time	Flower Color
Bigleaf Hydrangea	April-May	Pink, blue, purple, white
Mountain Hydrangea	April-May	White, pink
Panicle Hydrangea	June-July	White, pink
Smooth Hydrangea	June-July	White
Oakleaf Hydrangea	September-October	White, burgundy leaves
Peegee Hydrangea	August-September	White

Potting Mix

Hydrangeas prefer a well-draining, acidic potting mix. A good mix consists of equal parts peat moss, compost, and perlite. You can also add a small amount of bone meal or blood meal to the mix to provide extra nutrients.

Pot Size

Choose a pot that is at least 12 inches wide and deep. The pot should have drainage holes in the bottom to prevent waterlogging.

Planting

Fill the pot with the potting mix, leaving about 2 inches of space at the top.
Dig a hole in the center of the pot, deep enough to accommodate the roots of the hydrangea plant.
Carefully remove the hydrangea plant from its container. Loosen any tangled roots and gently spread them out.
Place the hydrangea plant in the hole and fill in around the roots with the potting mix. Tamp down the soil firmly to remove any air pockets.
Water the hydrangea plant deeply and allow the excess water to drain away.

Fertilizing

Fertilize your hydrangea plant every two weeks during the growing season with a balanced liquid fertilizer. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer label for the correct dosage.

Watering

Water your hydrangea plant regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering again. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.

Pruning

Prune your hydrangea plant in late winter or early spring. Remove any dead or diseased stems and cut back the remaining stems by about one-third.

Mulching

Mulch around your hydrangea plant with organic matter, such as shredded bark or compost. This will help to keep the soil moist and suppress weeds.

Protecting from Winter Damage

If you live in a cold climate, you will need to protect your hydrangea plant from winter damage. Mulch around the plant with a thick layer of organic matter, and cover the plant with a tarp or burlap. You can also move the plant indoors to a cool, dark place for the winter.

Troubleshooting

Here are some common problems that you may encounter when growing hydrangeas in pots:

Yellowing leaves: This is usually a sign of iron deficiency. Add chelated iron to the potting mix and follow the instructions on the product label.
Brown tips on the leaves: This is usually a sign of underwatering. Water your hydrangea plant more frequently.
Wilting leaves: This is usually a sign of overwatering. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering again.
Bud drop: This can be caused by a number of factors, including stress from drought or extreme heat, nutrient deficiencies, or pests. Make sure your hydrangea plant is getting enough water, fertilizer, and sunlight, and check for any pests or diseases.

Table: Symptoms and Solutions for Hydrangea Problems

Symptom	Solution
Yellowing leaves	Add chelated iron to the potting mix
Brown tips on the leaves	Water your hydrangea plant more frequently
Wilting leaves	Allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering again
Bud drop	Make sure your hydrangea plant is getting enough water, fertilizer, and sunlight, and check for any pests or diseases

How to Grow Hydrangeas in the Shade

Hydrangeas are beautiful flowering shrubs that can add a touch of color to any garden. However, they can be a bit finicky, and one of the most common problems is getting them to bloom in the shade.

With a little extra care, you can successfully grow hydrangeas in the shade. Here are a few tips:

1. Choose the right variety

Not all hydrangeas are created equal. Some varieties are better suited to growing in the shade than others. When choosing a variety, look for one that is labeled as “shade tolerant.” Some good options include:

Hydrangea macrophylla ‘Endless Summer’
Hydrangea paniculata ‘Limelight’
Hydrangea arborescens ‘Annabelle’

2. Plant in well-drained soil

Hydrangeas do not like to sit in wet soil. Make sure to plant them in a well-drained area. If your soil is heavy, you may need to amend it with some compost or peat moss.

3. Water regularly

Hydrangeas need regular watering, especially during the hot summer months. Water them deeply, and make sure to soak the soil all the way down to the roots. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.

4. Fertilize regularly

Hydrangeas are heavy feeders, so it is important to fertilize them regularly. Use a balanced fertilizer, and follow the directions on the package. You may also want to add some compost or manure to the soil around your plants.

5. Mulch around your plants

Mulching around your hydrangeas will help to keep the soil moist and cool. It will also help to suppress weeds. Use a natural mulch, such as shredded leaves or bark.

6. Prune your hydrangeas

Pruning your hydrangeas will help to encourage new growth and blooming. Prune them in the late winter or early spring, before they start to grow new leaves.

7. Protect your hydrangeas from the cold

If you live in a cold climate, you will need to protect your hydrangeas from the cold. Mulch around them heavily, and you may also want to wrap them in burlap or plastic.

8. Enjoy your hydrangeas!

With a little care, you can enjoy beautiful hydrangeas in your garden for years to come.

Additional Tips for Growing Hydrangeas in the Shade

In addition to the tips above, here are a few more things you can do to help your hydrangeas thrive in the shade:

Plant them in a north-facing location. This will give them some protection from the hot afternoon sun.
Give them plenty of space. Hydrangeas need room to grow, so don’t plant them too close together.
Water them deeply and regularly. Hydrangeas need a lot of water, especially during the hot summer months.
Fertilize them regularly. Hydrangeas are heavy feeders, so it is important to fertilize them regularly.
Mulch around them heavily. Mulching will help to keep the soil moist and cool, and it will also suppress weeds.
Prune them in the late winter or early spring. Pruning will help to encourage new growth and blooming.
Protect them from the cold. If you live in a cold climate, you will need to protect your hydrangeas from the cold.

Troubleshooting

If you are having trouble getting your hydrangeas to bloom in the shade, here are a few things you can try:

Make sure they are getting enough light. Hydrangeas need at least six hours of sunlight per day, even if it is indirect sunlight.
Water them deeply and regularly. Hydrangeas need a lot of water, especially during the hot summer months.
Fertilize them regularly. Hydrangeas are heavy feeders, so it is important to fertilize them regularly.
Mulch around them heavily. Mulching will help to keep the soil moist and cool, and it will also suppress weeds.
Prune them in the late winter or early spring. Pruning will help to encourage new growth and blooming.

With a little care, you can enjoy beautiful hydrangeas in your garden for years to come.

Fertilizing Hydrangeas

Hydrangeas are heavy feeders, so it is important to fertilize them regularly. The best time to fertilize hydrangeas is in the spring, before they start to grow new leaves. You can use a balanced fertilizer, or one that is specifically designed for hydrangeas.

Here is a table with some recommended fertilizer options for hydrangeas:

Fertilizer	NPK
Miracle-Gro All Purpose Plant Food	10-10-10
Scotts Hydrangea Food	15-10-10
Espoma Hydrangea Food	5-11-13

When fertilizing hydrangeas, be sure to follow the directions on the package. Over-fertilizing can damage your plants.

Pruning Hydrangeas

Pruning hydrangeas will help to encourage new growth and blooming. The best time to prune hydrangeas is in the late winter or early spring, before they start to grow new leaves.

There are two main types of hydrangeas: mophead hydrangeas and lacecap hydrangeas. Mophead hydrangeas have large, round flower heads, while lacecap hydrangeas have flatter flower heads.

The pruning method for mophead hydrangeas is different than the pruning method for lacecap hydrangeas.

Mophead Hydrangeas:

Prune mophead hydrangeas to the ground in the late winter or early spring.
This will encourage them to produce new canes, which will produce flowers in the summer.

Lacecap Hydrangeas:

Prune lacecap hydrangeas by removing the old flower heads and any dead or diseased canes.
You can also prune back the stems by one-third to two-thirds of their length.

Protecting Hydrangeas from the Cold

If you live in a cold climate, you will need to protect your hydrangeas from the cold. The best way to do this is to mulch around them heavily. Mulch will help to keep the soil moist and cool, and it will also protect the roots from the cold.

You may also want to wrap your hydrangeas in burlap or plastic. This will help to protect them from the wind and the cold.

Be sure to remove the mulch and burlap or plastic in the spring, once the danger of frost has passed.

Growing Conditions for Hydrangeas

Hydrangeas thrive in partial shade to full shade, with well-drained, acidic soil. They prefer a pH range of 4.5 to 6.0, and they should be watered regularly, especially during hot weather.

How to Plant a Hydrangea

To plant a hydrangea, dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball and just as deep. Place the hydrangea in the hole and fill it with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the hydrangea well after planting.

How to Care for a Hydrangea

Hydrangeas need regular watering, especially during hot weather. They also need to be fertilized every few months with a balanced fertilizer. To encourage blooming, you can prune hydrangeas in late winter or early spring.

How to Make Your Hydrangeas Bloom Red

To make your hydrangeas bloom red, you need to lower the soil pH to around 4.5. This can be done by adding sulfur to the soil. You can also add aluminum sulfate to the soil, which will help to keep the pH low. Another way to make your hydrangeas bloom red is to fertilize them with a fertilizer that is high in phosphorus and low in nitrogen.

Choosing the Right Hydrangea Variety

Not all hydrangea varieties can bloom red. The following varieties are known for their ability to produce red flowers:

Variety	Bloom Color
Bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla)	Blue, pink, or red
Mountain hydrangea (Hydrangea serrata)	Blue, pink, or red
Oakleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia)	White
Panicle hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata)	White, pink, or red

Adjusting the Soil pH

The first step to making your hydrangeas bloom red is to adjust the soil pH. This can be done by adding sulfur to the soil. Sulfur is available in both liquid and granular form. If you are using liquid sulfur, follow the directions on the package. If you are using granular sulfur, apply it to the soil at a rate of 1 pound per 100 square feet. Water the sulfur into the soil well.

You can also add aluminum sulfate to the soil to help keep the pH low. Aluminum sulfate is available in both liquid and granular form. If you are using liquid aluminum sulfate, follow the directions on the package. If you are using granular aluminum sulfate, apply it to the soil at a rate of 1 pound per 100 square feet. Water the aluminum sulfate into the soil well.

Fertilizing Your Hydrangeas

Another important step to making your hydrangeas bloom red is to fertilize them with a fertilizer that is high in phosphorus and low in nitrogen. Phosphorus helps to promote blooming, while nitrogen encourages leaf growth. Look for a fertilizer that has a ratio of 10-5-5 or 15-10-10.

Apply the fertilizer to your hydrangeas according to the directions on the package. Be sure to water the fertilizer into the soil well.

Other Tips for Making Your Hydrangeas Bloom Red

Here are a few other tips for making your hydrangeas bloom red:

Plant your hydrangeas in a location that receives morning sun and afternoon shade.
Water your hydrangeas regularly, especially during hot weather.
Mulch around your hydrangeas to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Prune your hydrangeas in late winter or early spring to encourage blooming.

How To Plant A Hydrangea

Hydrangeas are a beautiful and popular flowering shrub that can add a touch of elegance to any garden. They are relatively easy to grow, but there are a few things you need to know to ensure success.

The first step is to choose the right location for your hydrangea. Hydrangeas prefer to grow in partial shade, with morning sun and afternoon shade. They also need well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Avoid planting hydrangeas in areas that are too wet or too dry.

Once you have chosen the right location, you can begin planting your hydrangea. Dig a hole that is twice as wide as the root ball of the plant and just as deep. Place the plant in the hole and backfill with soil, tamping down gently to remove any air pockets. Water the plant well after planting.

Hydrangeas are relatively low-maintenance plants, but they do require some care to keep them healthy and blooming. Water your hydrangeas regularly, especially during hot weather. Fertilize your hydrangeas once a year in the spring with a fertilizer that is specifically designed for acid-loving plants.

With proper care, your hydrangeas will thrive and provide you with beautiful blooms for many years to come.